Statements

For each statement, I'll show the C code (I chose C over other languages as the generated assembly is very minimal and easy to understand), and the relative MIPS implementation; under details I'll leave the x_86 assembly generated by cl.exe on Windows and gcc on Linux.

Conditions

If-Else

int main() {
  int x = 0;

  if (x > 0)
    x += 5;
  else
    x += 10;
}

.text
    li $t0, 0 #; x = 0

    blez $t0, else #; if x <= 0, goto else

    if:
        addi $t0, $t0, 5 #; add 5 to x if x > 0
        j end #; don't execute else part
    else: 
        addi $t0, $s1, 10 #; add 10 to x if x <= 0
    end:

Switch

int main() {
  int x = 1;

  switch (x) {
  case 0:
    x += 16;
    break;
  case 1:
    x += 16 * 2;
    break;
  case 2:
    x += 16 * 3;
    break;
  }
}

.data
    dest: .word case0, case1, case2
.text
    #; sll $t0, $t0, 2 #; choose the case

    li $t0, 0 #; first case 
    addi $t0, $t0, 4 #; jump one case
    #; addi $t0, $t0, 8 #; jump two cases

    lw $t1, dest($t0) #; load case address to $t1
    jr $t1 #; Jump to the case address in $t1 (case0, case1 etc...)

    li $t2, 0
    case0:
        addi $t2, $zero, 0x10
        j break 
    case1:
        addi $t2, $zero, 0x20
        j break 
    case2:
        addi $t2, $zero, 0x30
        j break 
    break:

Iterations

Do-While

int main() {
  int x = 0, i = 0;

  do {
    x += 4;
    i += 1;
  } while (i < 10);
}

.text
    li $t0, 0 #; x = 0
    li $t1, 0 #; i = 0

    do:
        addi $t0, $t0, 4 #; x += 4
        addi $t1, $t1, 1 #; i += 1
    blt $t1, 10, do #; if i < 10, repeat the cicle 

While

int main() {
  int x = 0, i = 0;

  while (i < 10) {
    x += 4;
    i += 1;
  }
}

.text
    li $t0, 0 #; x = 0
    li $t1, 0 #; i = 0

    while:
        bge $t1, 10, end #; if i >= 10, end the while loop
        addi $t0, $t0, 4 #; x += 4
        addi $t1, $t1, 1 #; i += 1
        j while #; repeat cicle
    end:

For

int main() {
  int x = 0;

  for (int i = 0; i <= 10; i++)
    x += i;
}

.text
    li $t0, 0 #; x = 0
    li $t1, 0 #; i = 0

    for:
        beq $t1, 10, end #; if i == 10, end loop 
        add $t0, $t0, $t1 #; x += i
        addi $t1, $t1, 1 #; i += 1 
        j for
    end: